近几年,定语从句常以不同的“姿态”出现在中考试题中,下面我们就来看看定语从句在中考试题中的出场“姿态”:
说来说去还得练
1. The dictionary _____ you need was sold out in the bookshop.You can borrow one from the City Library.
A.who B.what
C.whom D.that
点拨:先行词“dictionary 字典”为物,因此可排除先行词为人的A项和C项;what不能引导定语从句,因此D项正确。
2. All the members _____ were present at the meeting agreed to the plan.
A.who B.whose C.which
点拨:who引导定语从句指人,在从句中做主语或宾语;whose引导定语从句在从句中做定语;which引导定语从句先行词指物;本句子先行词“members 成员”指人,且在从句中做主语,因此A项正确。
3.--Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?
--You are right. I think these ideas are wonderful and creative.
A.which B.how C.when
点拨:which引导定语从句先行词指物,且在从句中做主语或宾语;how不能引导定语从句;when为关系副词,先行词为时间;本句中先行词reason为物,且在从句中做宾语,因此A项正确。
4. He reached London in 1994_____, some time later, he became a famous actor.
A.which B.where
C.when D.who
点拨:which引导定语从句先行词为物;where引导定语从句先行词为地点;who引导定语从句先行词为人;when为关系副词,先行词为时间。本题中定语从句先行词为时间“1994”,故选择关系副词when。因此C项正确。
5. He is the man ______ Mary will get married with next Sunday.
A.which B.whom
C.why D.whose
点拨:which引导定语从句在句中做主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句先行词指人,且在句中做宾语;why引导定语从句先行词表原因;whose引导定语从句先行词为人,且在从句中做定语;因此B项正确。
专家密招赶紧看
秘招一:根据定义定考点
在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。两个句子之间通过关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)或关系副词(when, where, why)连接起来。定语从句前的那个被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。如:
Chinese Restaurantis a very relaxing TV program which is popular among the young people.
主句:Chinese restaurant is a very relaxing TV program
从句:which is popular among the young people
先行词:TV program
关系代词:which
因此, 如果确定是考查定语从句, 我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项,如:what。
秘招二:根据成分选关系词
在此过程中要掌握“三看”原则。
(1) 一看指人还是物
先行词指人:that, who, whose, whom
先行词指物:that, which, whose
(2) 二看句中做何用
例1:My brother likesthe stories_____ were written by Mark Twain because they are often humorous. 先行词(the stories)指物, 关系词在从句中作主语,可用关系代词which/that。
例2:He isthe boy_____ I talked with just now. 先行词(the boy)指人, 关系词在从句中作宾语, 可用关系代词whom/who/that/不填。
例3:What’s the name of the girl_____ father is a doctor?先行词(the girl)指人, 关系词在从句中作定语, 可用关系代词whose。
例4:I still rememberthe day_____ our new school was built. 从句中不缺成分, 先行词(the day)指时间, 关系词在从句中作状语, 可用关系副词when。
秘招二:三看是否属特殊
只能用关系代词that的情况:
①先行词是不定代词 something, anything, everything, nothing, all, little, few, much, none, some等时。如:
As we all know,all thatcan be done has been done. 众所周知, 所有能做的都已经做了。
②先行词被 the only, the very, the right, the last等修饰时。如:
It isthe onlywordthatI don’t know in the passage. 这是这篇文章里唯一一个我不认识的单词。
③当先行词既有人又有物时。如:
The characters and events that the author described in his book are very interesting. 作者在他书里描写的那些人和事非常有意思。
④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰, 或先行词本身就是序数词时。如:
He wasthe first thatgave us some useful advice. 他是第一个给我们一些有用的建议的人。
⑤当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如:
Whois the manthatis standing over there? 站在那边的那位男士是谁?
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