2019中考语法系列 有关定语从句知识点get起来

近几年，定语从句常以不同的“姿态”出现在中考试题中，下面我们就来看看定语从句在中考试题中的出场“姿态”：

说来说去还得练

1. The dictionary _____ you need was sold out in the bookshop.You can borrow one from the City Library.

A.who　 　B.what

C.whom　　 D.that

点拨：先行词“dictionary 字典”为物，因此可排除先行词为人的A项和C项;what不能引导定语从句，因此D项正确。

2. All the members _____ were present at the meeting agreed to the plan.

A.who B.whose C.which

点拨：who引导定语从句指人，在从句中做主语或宾语;whose引导定语从句在从句中做定语;which引导定语从句先行词指物;本句子先行词“members 成员”指人，且在从句中做主语，因此A项正确。

3.--Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?

--You are right. I think these ideas are wonderful and creative.

A.which B.how C.when

点拨：which引导定语从句先行词指物，且在从句中做主语或宾语;how不能引导定语从句;when为关系副词，先行词为时间;本句中先行词reason为物，且在从句中做宾语，因此A项正确。

4. He reached London in 1994_____, some time later, he became a famous actor.

A.which B.where

C.when　 D.who

点拨：which引导定语从句先行词为物;where引导定语从句先行词为地点;who引导定语从句先行词为人;when为关系副词，先行词为时间。本题中定语从句先行词为时间“1994”，故选择关系副词when。因此C项正确。

5. He is the man ______ Mary will get married with next Sunday.

A.which　　 B.whom

C.why　 D.whose

点拨：which引导定语从句在句中做主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句先行词指人，且在句中做宾语;why引导定语从句先行词表原因;whose引导定语从句先行词为人，且在从句中做定语;因此B项正确。

专家密招赶紧看

秘招一：根据定义定考点

在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。两个句子之间通过关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)或关系副词(when, where, why)连接起来。定语从句前的那个被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。如:

Chinese Restaurantis a very relaxing TV program which is popular among the young people.

主句：Chinese restaurant is a very relaxing TV program

从句：which is popular among the young people

先行词：TV program

关系代词：which

因此, 如果确定是考查定语从句, 我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项，如：what。

秘招二：根据成分选关系词

在此过程中要掌握“三看”原则。

(1) 一看指人还是物

先行词指人：that, who, whose, whom

先行词指物：that, which, whose

(2) 二看句中做何用

例1：My brother likesthe stories_____ were written by Mark Twain because they are often humorous. 先行词(the stories)指物, 关系词在从句中作主语,可用关系代词which/that。

例2：He isthe boy_____ I talked with just now. 先行词(the boy)指人, 关系词在从句中作宾语, 可用关系代词whom/who/that/不填。

例3：What’s the name of the girl_____ father is a doctor?先行词(the girl)指人, 关系词在从句中作定语, 可用关系代词whose。

例4：I still rememberthe day_____ our new school was built. 从句中不缺成分, 先行词(the day)指时间, 关系词在从句中作状语, 可用关系副词when。

秘招二：三看是否属特殊

只能用关系代词that的情况：

①先行词是不定代词 something, anything, everything, nothing, all, little, few, much, none, some等时。如：

As we all know,all thatcan be done has been done. 众所周知, 所有能做的都已经做了。

②先行词被 the only, the very, the right, the last等修饰时。如：

It isthe onlywordthatI don’t know in the passage. 这是这篇文章里唯一一个我不认识的单词。

③当先行词既有人又有物时。如：

The characters and events that the author described in his book are very interesting. 作者在他书里描写的那些人和事非常有意思。

④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰, 或先行词本身就是序数词时。如：

He wasthe first thatgave us some useful advice. 他是第一个给我们一些有用的建议的人。

⑤当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：

Whois the manthatis standing over there? 站在那边的那位男士是谁?